How to dhikr in islam

Overview

Dhikr (Arabic: ذِكْر‎), often translated as remembrance of Allah, is a central act of worship in Islam. It encompasses a wide range of devotional practices aimed at keeping God foremost in one's mind and heart. Muslims engage in dhikr to strengthen their connection with Allah, seek spiritual purification, and find peace and tranquility in their lives. The practice is deeply rooted in the Quran and the Sunnah (teachings and practices of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him).

The Importance of Dhikr in Islam

The Quran frequently emphasizes the significance of remembering Allah. For instance, in Surah Ar-Ra'd (13:28), Allah says, "Verily, in the remembrance of Allah do hearts find rest." This verse highlights the profound spiritual comfort and peace that dhikr can bring to a believer. Other verses encourage believers to remember Allah "morning and afternoon" (Surah Al-Ahzab 33:41) and to "remember Allah often so that you may succeed" (Surah Al-Jumu'ah 62:10).

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) also stressed the virtue of dhikr. He stated that the best kind of remembrance is that which is constant, and that those who engage in dhikr are the "mufarridoon" (the ones who are liberated or have excelled). When asked who the mufarridoon were, he replied, "The remembering men and women." (Muslim). This indicates that dhikr is a highly esteemed practice for both men and women.

Methods of Performing Dhikr

Dhikr can be performed in various ways, catering to different circumstances and personal preferences. The core intention is always to remember and glorify Allah.

1. Recitation of Specific Phrases (Tasbih)

This is one of the most common forms of dhikr. It involves reciting specific phrases that glorify Allah. Some of the most popular and recommended phrases include:

• SubhanAllah (سُبْحَانَ ٱللَّٰهِ): "Glory be to Allah." This is often recited 33 times after obligatory prayers.
• Alhamdulillah (ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهِ): "Praise be to Allah." Also commonly recited 33 times.
• Allahu Akbar (ٱللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ): "Allah is the Greatest." Recited 33 times.
• La ilaha illallah (لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ): "There is no god but Allah." This is the declaration of faith and is highly recommended.
• Astaghfirullah (أَسْتَغْفِرُ ٱللَّٰهَ): "I seek forgiveness from Allah."

These recitations can be done individually, often using prayer beads (tasbih) to keep count, or by counting on one's fingers, as recommended in the Sunnah. The intention is to reflect on the meaning of these phrases and their significance.

2. Recitation of Quranic Verses and Supplications (Du'a)

Reading and reciting verses from the Quran, especially those that speak of Allah's attributes, mercy, or command, is a profound form of dhikr. Specific chapters like Surah Al-Baqarah, Surah Al-Kahf, and Surah Al-Mulk are known for their virtues. Similarly, reciting the Du'as (supplications) taught by Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is also a direct way to remember Allah and ask for His guidance and help.

3. Remembering Allah's Attributes and Blessings

Dhikr is not limited to verbal recitation. It also involves reflecting on Allah's names and attributes, contemplating His creation, and acknowledging His blessings in one's life. This form of dhikr is internal and can be practiced at any moment, fostering a constant awareness of Allah's presence.

4. Collective Dhikr

While individual dhikr is highly encouraged, Muslims also engage in collective dhikr. This can take the form of congregational recitation of specific phrases, attending religious gatherings where dhikr is performed, or group recitations after communal prayers. Collective dhikr can foster a sense of community and shared devotion.

When to Perform Dhikr

Dhikr is a practice that can be done at any time of the day or night. However, certain times are particularly recommended:

• After Obligatory Prayers (Salat): This is a highly emphasized time for dhikr. Reciting "SubhanAllah," "Alhamdulillah," and "Allahu Akbar" 33 times each after the five daily prayers is a well-established Sunnah.
• Morning and Evening: The Quran and Sunnah encourage remembering Allah during these times.
• Before Sleep: Reciting specific verses and supplications before sleeping is a way to end the day in remembrance of Allah.
• During Trials and Tribulations: Remembering Allah brings solace and strength during difficult times.
• Times of Joy and Gratitude: Expressing gratitude through dhikr enhances the joy of blessings.

Benefits of Dhikr

The practice of dhikr offers numerous spiritual, psychological, and emotional benefits:

• Spiritual Purification: Dhikr cleanses the heart and soul, removing heedlessness and attachment to worldly desires.
• Strengthening Faith (Iman): Constant remembrance of Allah reinforces belief and conviction.
• Peace and Tranquility: As mentioned in the Quran, dhikr brings peace to the heart, reducing anxiety and stress.
• Protection: Reciting certain verses and supplications is believed to offer protection from evil.
• Increased Reward: Dhikr is a highly rewarding act of worship that brings one closer to Allah.
• Clarity and Focus: Regular dhikr can improve concentration and bring clarity to one's thoughts and actions.

Conclusion

Dhikr is a multifaceted and essential aspect of Islamic practice. It is a direct pathway to maintaining a conscious connection with Allah, fostering spiritual growth, and finding inner peace. Whether performed silently or aloud, individually or in a group, the essence of dhikr lies in the sincere intention to remember and glorify the Creator in all aspects of life.