What is fn

Overview

The FN key is a modifier key featured on most laptop keyboards that serves to extend the functionality of standard keyboard keys. Unlike the Shift, Control, or Alt keys, the FN key is hardware-specific and doesn't send a traditional keystroke to your computer. Instead, it signals the laptop's firmware to perform predefined actions when pressed with other keys.

Location and Design

The FN key is typically located in the bottom-left corner of laptop keyboards, adjacent to the Control key. It's often color-coded to match other keys it works with, typically appearing in blue or another accent color. Desktop keyboards rarely include an FN key, as the functions it provides are less necessary on devices with more space and separate control mechanisms like volume wheels or media buttons.

Common Functions

Standard FN combinations typically include brightness adjustment (FN + arrow keys), volume control (FN + F10/F11/F12), and media playback (FN + media keys). Additional functions may include disabling the touchpad, switching displays, enabling airplane mode, or accessing system settings. The specific functions vary significantly based on your laptop brand and model.

Manufacturer Variations

Dell, HP, Lenovo, Apple, ASUS, and other manufacturers implement FN keys differently. Apple's MacBooks use Function keys uniquely through their Touch Bar. Some manufacturers place the FN key in different locations or assign different functions to the same key combinations. This variation means FN shortcuts aren't universal across all laptops.

FN Lock and Settings

Many modern laptops include FN Lock functionality in their BIOS or settings menu. When FN Lock is enabled, pressing function keys (F1-F12) requires the FN modifier, while special functions require FN + key. Disabling FN Lock reverses this behavior. This customization allows users to choose their preferred default behavior based on their workflow.