What Is 1914 U.S. Open Golf Championship

Overview

The 1914 U.S. Open Golf Championship marked a pivotal moment in early American golf history, held at Midlothian Country Club in Midlothian, Illinois. It was the 20th edition of the tournament and notable for being the first U.S. Open hosted in Illinois in 15 years, since the 1899 event at Baltimore Country Club.

English golfer Cyril Walker emerged as an unexpected champion, defeating a strong field that included future legends like Walter Hagen and defending champion John McDermott. Despite never winning another major, Walker’s performance in 1914 secured his place in golf history with a composed final round under pressure.

• Cyril Walker shot a total of 290 (+6) over 72 holes, winning by two strokes—the narrowest margin in U.S. Open history to that point.
• The tournament was held on June 18–19, 1914, a two-day format common at the time, with 36 holes played each day.
• Midlothian Country Club presented a challenging layout, measuring approximately 6,400 yards with narrow fairways and thick rough.
• Only 32 of 63 starters completed all four rounds, highlighting the difficulty of the course and weather conditions.
• Defending champion John McDermott finished tied for fifth, shooting 295, while Walter Hagen placed second at 292.

How It Was Played

The 1914 U.S. Open followed traditional stroke play rules over 72 holes, with players competing across two days on a course that tested endurance and precision. Conditions were grueling, and the scoring reflected the difficulty of the layout and equipment limitations of the era.

• Format: The tournament used a 72-hole stroke play format, with no cut—players competed all four rounds regardless of score.
• Course Length: Midlothian measured 6,400 yards, extremely long for the time, especially with hickory-shafted clubs and gutta-percha balls.
• Winning Score: Cyril Walker’s 290 (+6) was considered excellent given the era’s scoring averages and course setup.
• Equipment: Players used hickory shafts and gutta-percha balls, which limited distance and control compared to modern gear.
• Weather: High winds and variable conditions on both days contributed to high scores and numerous missed fairways.
• Prize Money: Walker earned $300 for first place, a modest sum compared to today’s purses but significant in 1914.

Comparison at a Glance

Comparing the 1914 U.S. Open to modern editions reveals dramatic changes in scoring, technology, and player field size.

The table illustrates how golf has evolved over a century. While the 1914 event was defined by physical endurance and primitive equipment, modern U.S. Opens emphasize precision and athleticism. The increase in course length, prize money, and global participation underscores the sport’s transformation.

Why It Matters

The 1914 U.S. Open holds historical significance as a turning point in American golf, bridging the era of British dominance and the rise of American professionals. Though Cyril Walker faded from prominence, his victory inspired future generations and highlighted the growing competitiveness of the U.S. Open.

• Walter Hagen’s second-place finish signaled the arrival of a future golf legend who would win 11 majors.
• The tournament helped popularize golf in the Midwest, paving the way for future major championships in Illinois.
• John McDermott, the first American-born U.S. Open winner, remained a dominant figure despite not defending his title successfully.
• Walker’s win was the last by a British-born player until Tony Jacklin in 1970, marking a shift toward American dominance.
• The event showcased the transition from amateur to professional golf, with increasing prize incentives and media coverage.
• Midlothian’s challenging setup set a precedent for future U.S. Open courses designed to test the world’s best players.

Today, the 1914 championship is remembered not for records broken, but for its role in shaping the competitive spirit and national identity of American golf.